The Most Powerful Computers You've Never Heard Of reviews
Analog computers were the most powerful computers for thousands of years, relegated to obscurity by the digital revolution. This video is sponsored by Brilliant. The first 200 people to sign up via https://brilliant.org/veritasium get 20% off a yearly subscription.
Thanks to Scott Wiedemann for the lego computer instructions – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5X_Ft4YR_wU
Antikythera Archive & Animations ©2005-2020 Images First Ltd. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ebB0tyrMa8 “The Antikythera Cosmos” (2021) follows the latest developments from the UCL Antikythera Research Team as they recreate a dazzling display of the ancient Greek Cosmos at the front of the Antikythera Mechanism.
Tides video from NASA – https://climate.nasa.gov/climate_resources/246/video-global-ocean-tides/
Ship animation from this painting – https://ve42.co/Agamemnon
Moore’s Law, the op-amp, and the Norden bombsight were filmed at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, CA.
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References:
Freeth, T., Bitsakis, Y., Moussas, X., Seiradakis, J. H., Tselikas, A., Mangou, H., … & Edmunds, M. G. (2006). Decoding the ancient Greek astronomical calculator known as the Antikythera Mechanism. Nature, 444(7119), 587-591. – https://ve42.co/Freeth2006
Freeth, T., & Jones, A. (2012). The cosmos in the Antikythera mechanism. ISAW Papers. – https://ve42.co/Freeth2012
Cartwright, D. E. (2000). Tides: a scientific history. Cambridge University Press. – https://ve42.co/tides
Thomson, W. (2017). Mathematical and physical papers. CUP Archive. – https://ve42.co/Kelvinv6
Parker, B. B. (2007). Tidal analysis and prediction. NOAA NOS Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services. – https://ve42.co/Parker2007
Parker, B. (2011). The tide predictions for D-Day. Physics Today, 64(9), 35-40. – https://ve42.co/Parker2011
Small, J. (2013). The Analogue Alternative. Routledge. – https://ve42.co/Small2013
Zorpette, G. (1989). Parkinson’s gun director. IEEE Spectrum, 26(4), 43. – https://ve42.co/Zorpette89
Tremblay, M. (2009). Deconstructing the myth of the Norden Bombsight (Doctoral dissertation). – https://ve42.co/Tremblay
Gladwell, M. (2021). The Bomber Mafia. Little, Brown and Company. – https://ve42.co/Gladwell2021
Mindell, D. A. (2000). Automation’s finest hour: Radar and system integration in World War II. Systems, Experts, and Computers: The Systems Approach in Management and Engineering, World War II and After. Edited by A. C. Hughes and T. P. Hughes, 27-56. – https://ve42.co/Mindell
Haigh, T., Priestley, M., & Rope, C. (2016). ENIAC in Action. The MIT Press. – https://ve42.co/Eniac2016
Soni, J., & Goodman, R. (2017). A mind at play: how Claude Shannon invented the information age. Simon and Schuster. – https://ve42.co/Soni
Haigh, T. & Ceruzzi, P. (2021). A New History of Modern Computing. The MIT Press. – https://ve42.co/ModernComputing
Rid, T. (2016). Rise of the Machines: a Cybernetic History. Highbridge. – https://ve42.co/Rid2016
Ulmann, B. (2013). Analog computing. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag. – https://ve42.co/Ulmann2013
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Special thanks to Patreon supporters: Dmitry Kuzmichev, Matthew Gonzalez, Baranidharan S, Eric Sexton, john kiehl, Daniel Brockman, Anton Ragin, S S, Benedikt Heinen, Diffbot, Micah Mangione, MJP, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Edward Larsen, Burt Humburg, Blak Byers, Dumky, , Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Mac Malkawi, Michael Schneider, Ludovic Robillard, jim buckmaster, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Robert Blum, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Vincent, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Clayton Greenwell, Michael Krugman, Cy ‘kkm’ K’Nelson, Sam Lutfi, Ron Neal
Written by Derek Muller, Stephen Welch and Emily Zhang
Filmed by Derek Muller, Emily Zhang and Raquel Nuno
Animation by Fabio Albertelli, Jakub Misiek, Mike Radjabov, Iván Tello, Trenton Oliver
Edited by Derek Muller
Additional video supplied by Getty Images
Music from Epidemic Sound and Jonny Hyman
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev and Emily Zhang
SuperDave Lyon –
Can we get a link to part 2?
the gamer –
I saw it
Adahmantium –
Analog may be used in certain fields even now a days and future either but I have doubt whether they would match the abilities of a QUANTUM COMPUTERS. Sure QC has it's own world and Analog computer has it's own.
Kenadi Cooper –
Works for stocks too.
Joe G.P. –
no link to Part 2 anywhere 🙁
Rahul Meghwal –
Great video ! Waiting for part 2. Not sure why Turing’s efforts weren’t included. Hoping to see them in part 2.
VastRaven –
I see some of the comments of how amazing and paradigm shifting this video was and I definitely echo those sentiments! It's been a week since watching part 1 and 2 but I'm still thinking about it. A thought almost literally struck me today.
Since Analog computers are able to model random systems, like you demonstrated in part one. Are Analog computers better than digital computers at predicting a chaotic system, like lets say, turbulent flow like in your previous video. I was thinking it might be because of the fact that an analog computer is demonstrating what's actually happening in the physical world. It's so awesome!!
Maybe someone on here can give me an answer because I'm just burning to know! I'm a huge fan of your videos, you often tackle difficult to explain topics that not many science communicators will not touch! Thank you for your work on this platform!
MelloCello –
I've been watching your channel for years, and some of the videos are hit and miss for me, but this Analog series may your greatest uploads yet.
This is revolutionary. Thank you for sharing, I will be looking forward to part 2
lol –
Crazy how everything that we use now we take a lot of things for granted tnx to all humans to make my life easier
Ernes Uriszar de Aldaca –
love it, second part please!
Geodesic Interpolation –
5:10 How fourier transform works
Shreyas Yadav –
Still awaiting part_2
Bert Speggly –
Great video, thank you. But as a Brit I must challenge your statement that the first practical digital computer was the ENIAC. No, it was the Colossus, built by Tommy Flowers for Bletchley Park, but unfortunately Churchill's misguided security concerns kept it a secret for several decades.
Mike G –
Hey what's up Derick?
Nishadraj Sharma –
5:33
ROHIT CHAT –
The digital age course 🙏🙏
Aaditya Bisht –
Coooooooooooooool
Mickeyislowd –
Analogue to Digital Conversion. ADCs
Nate Shwartz –
That was an amazing video!
lexiii69- –
These kind of scientists sacrifice themselves for a better future!
Vinayak Johari –
The video is so detailed, that it takes double the time to understand.🧐🧐
Love the knowledge you provide.❤❤❤
Articulate99 –
Always interesting, thank you.
jj18 –
7:28 sometimes all it takes is one train ride
Akash S –
The British are always trying to show off their intelligence. science doesn't have to be this complicated.
Markus Luukkonen –
This is simply amazing.
Jonathan Torres 🕎✝️ –
As He sat on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to Him privately, saying, “Tell us, when will these things be, and what will be the sign of Your coming and of the end of the age?” Jesus answered them, “Take heed that no one deceives you. For many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will deceive many. You will hear of wars and rumors of wars. See that you are not troubled. For all these things must happen, but the end is not yet. For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines, epidemics, and earthquakes in various places. All these are the beginning of sorrows. “Then they will hand you over to be persecuted and will kill you. And you will be hated by all nations for My name’s sake. Then many will fall away, and betray one another, and hate one another. And many false prophets will rise and will deceive many. Because iniquity will abound, the love of many will grow cold. But he who endures to the end shall be saved. And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached throughout the world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come. Matthew 24:3-14 MEV
(Obs: From the beginning of the tribulation to the end, which takes 7 years, and near the end, the gospel will be preached to the whole world, which would be impossible without technology of global communication.)
“When you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then you know that its desolation has drawn near. Luke 21:20 MEV
“So when you see the ‘abomination of desolation,’ spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place,(…) Matthew 24:15 MEV
“His armies shall rise up and desecrate the sanctuary fortress. They shall abolish the daily sacrifice and set up the abomination that makes desolate. Daniel 11:31 MEV
“From the time that the daily sacrifice shall be taken away and the abomination that makes desolate set up, there shall be one thousand two hundred and ninety days. Daniel 12:11 MEV
(Obs: These events will take place after the construction of the third temple of Solomon in Jerusalem.)
(…)then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains. Let him who is on the housetop not go down to take anything out of his house. Let him who is in the field not return to take his clothes. Woe to those who are with child and to those who nurse in those days! Pray that your escape will not be in the winter or on the Sabbath. For then will be great tribulation, such as has not happened since the beginning of the world until now, no, nor ever shall be. “Unless those days were shortened, no one would be saved. But for the sake of the elect those days will be shortened. Matthew 24:16-22 MEV
There will be signs in the sun and the moon and the stars; and on the earth distress of nations, with perplexity, the sea and the waves roaring; men fainting from fear and expectation of what is coming on the inhabited earth. For the powers of heaven will be shaken. Luke 21:25-26 MEV
(Obs: In the age of technology, men know what is happening on the inhabited earth, no longer are they limited by local information.)
“Immediately after the tribulation of those days, ‘the sun will be darkened, the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken.’ “Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. And He will send His angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather His elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other. Matthew 24:29-31 MEV
When these things begin to happen, look up and lift up your heads, for your redemption is drawing near. Luke 21:28 MEV
Because you have kept My word of patience, I also will keep you from the hour of temptation which shall come upon the entire world, to test those who dwell on the earth. Revelation 3:10 MEV
(Obs: Rapture before the time of temptation, which will be the government of the antichrist during the great tribulation.)
For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet call of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. 1 Thessalonians 4:16 MEV
(Obs: Rapture.)
For as in the days before the flood, they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day Noah entered the ark, and did not know until the flood came and took them all away, so will be the coming of the Son of Man. Matthew 24:38-39 MEV
(Obs: People will not be eating and drinking and marrying during the great tribulation, therefore, rapture will happen before the great tribulation, when people are still distracted.)
When they say, “Peace and safety!” then sudden destruction will come upon them as labor upon a woman with child, and they shall not escape. 1 Thessalonians 5:3 MEV
(Obs: Sudden destruction near the rapture.)
Two will be in the field; one will be taken, and the other left. Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken, and the other left. Matthew 24:40-41 MEV
(Obs: Rapture.)
Know this first, that there shall come scoffers in the last days who walk after their own lusts, and say, “Where is the promise of His coming? For since the fathers fell asleep, all things have continued as they were since the beginning of the creation.” 2 Peter 3:3-4 MEV
(Obs: Apostasy of the last days, when more and more men are denying God and going after their own sinful desires.)
But the day of the Lord will come like a thief in the night, in which the heavens will pass away with a loud noise, and the elements will be destroyed with intense heat. The earth also and the works that are in it will be burned up. 2 Peter 3:10 MEV
(Obs: The destructions that will happen after the rapture, just as the days of Sodom and Gomorrah; the righteous are rescued and the judgements are poured upon the wicked. "like a thief in the night" means it will happen when you do not expect. "heavens will pass away" means the sky will vanish as a scroll that is being rolled up, which is mentioned in Revelation 6:14.)
In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet, for the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed. 1 Corinthians 15:52 MEV
(Obs: People around the world have been hearing trumpets from the sky in different times, it has been happening for a few years. When the last trumpet sound, the redeemed will be rescued and the great tribulation will begin.)
He causes all, both small and great, both rich and poor, both free and slave, to receive a mark on their right hand or on their forehead, so that no one may buy or sell, except he who has the mark or the name of the beast or the number of his name. Revelation 13:16-17 MEV
(Obs: In the last days, no one will be able to buy or sell without a mark from the government/beast of the antichrist, which will take place during the great tribulation, which is at the door.)
But you, Daniel, shut up the words and seal the book until the time of the end. Many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall increase.” Daniel 12:4 MEV
(Obs: In the last days, many will travel to many places and knowledge will be increased.)
“For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish, but have eternal life. John 3:16 MEV
Behold, the Lord of lords is coming soon, repent now of all your sins —turn away from all sins— and abide in the only Savior and Lord Jesus the Christ (Yeshua the Messiah) with all your heart, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.
Дмитрий Иванов –
I can safely say that this is one the most informative videos I ever saw in my entire life.
Arturo Dela Cruz iii –
no matter what digital or analog the laws of the universe says that not everything is permanent
analog computer made of iron rust
digital computers failsed when there is a radiation which destroy silicon chips
what we need is an hybrid or more advanced design like quantum computers
mike –
Is this as good as my rtx 3070 and ryzen 7 5600 beast pc
Jan Kowalski –
Analog computers were used in Poland in the 70's and 80's. Saw that at the technical university in the 90's as a curiosity. You brought those memories back.
Shane Anderson –
Bomba-deer!
Jordan Cooper –
Wow crazy well researched and presented video derek! Very thought provoking and quite the interesting series of events and stories. Thanks for sharing 🙂
Anshul _ –
How do people even figure out this stuff? I can't imagine how the world would've been without some genius inventors of the past.
Answer by Accident ? –
@veritasium You sure, analog is continues and Digital is Descrete …..If we see analog and digital signals its opposite.
Harry Pugh –
Wow
Grom –
My first track on yutube: Relax-Zakat
Baby Blue Rue –
I've seen several veritasium videos over the years… All by chance as I've always forgotten to subscribe. Not today.